¹Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Qinghai, Xining, 810016, CHINA
²Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qinghai, Xining 810016, CHINA
³Plateau Livestock Genetic Resources Protection and Innovative Utilization key Laboratory of Qinghai Province, Xining 810016, CHINA
⁴Nangqian Station of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Qinghai Province, Qinghai, Nangqian, 815200, CHINA
⁵Regional Center for Mycology and Biotechnology, Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt,11787, Nasr City, Cairo, EGYPT DOI : 10.9775/kvfd.2023.30026 Nangqian grey yak (Bos grunniens) is a unique yak population in Qinghai Province, China. In this study, the whole mitogenome sequences of 18 Nangqian grey yaks were sequenced based on the next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology and annotated. The total length of whole mitogenome sequence is between 16.323 bp and 16.325 bp, including a non-coding control region (D-loop region), 22 tRNA genes, 13 protein-coding genes and two rRNA genes (12S rRNA and 16S rRNA). Maternal genetic diversity based on the mitogenome variations was analyzed. A total of 12 haplotypes were identified among 18 complete mitogenome sequences, the haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity of Nangqian grey yak were 0.948±0.033 and 0.001±0.001, respectively. Compared with the wild yak population and six other domestic yak breeds/populations in China, the haplotype diversity of Nangqian grey yak population was higher, indicating abundant maternal genetic diversity in Nangqian grey yak. The phylogenetic tree showed that Nangqian grey yak was most closely related to Tibet alpine, Xueduo, Changtai, Sibu, Zhongdian, Tianzhu white, Ashdan, Jinchuan, Jiulong, Pamir, Pali, Qinghai plateau, Huanhu, Datong, Bazhou and wild yak breeds/populations, closer to Chawula, Muli, Gannan, Niangya and Yushu yak breeds, but far away from other yak breeds (i.e. Leiwuqi and Maiwa yak). Keywords : Grey yak, Mitogenome, Annotation, Genetic diversity