¹Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, PAKISTAN
²Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, PAKISTAN DOI : 10.9775/kvfd.2025.34858 Filarial nematodes including Dirofilaria immitis, Dirofilaria repens, and Acanthocheilonema reconditum are vector-borne parasites of veterinary and zoonotic significance, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. Dogs and cats serve as reservoirs, sustaining parasite transmission in endemic zones. Despite their relevance, these filarial parasites have not been genetically characterized in Pakistan. This study aimed to determine molecular prevalence, assess associated risk factors and perform genetic characterization of D. immitis, D. repens, and A. reconditum in dogs and cats from Faisalabad and Lahore. A total of 400 blood samples were collected from both host species. PCR targeting the SS rRNA gene was performed, followed by sequencing of selected amplicons. Epidemiological data were gathered through structured questionnaires. Sequence analysis was conducted using ClustalX, BioEdit and MEGA X. The overall prevalence was 23.25%, with A. reconditum (12.75%) most prevalent and confined to dogs. D. immitis (6.5%) and D. repens (4.0%) were found in both species, more commonly in dogs. Infections were significantly associated with stray status, outdoor exposure, poor health and vector density. Sequences showed 98-99.5% similarity to global isolates. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed clustering within respective species clades. This study provides the first molecular insight into canine and feline filarial infections in Pakistan and highlights the need for expanded surveillance and vector control strategies. Keywords : Dirofilaria spp., Acanthocheilonema reconditum, Epidemiology, Prevalence, Dogs, Cats, Pakistan